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Bioavtur synthesis from pfad through hydrotreating and hydrocracking processes

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Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) is the byproduct of palm oil processing, which is produced massively and underutilized in Indonesia. PFAD contains high amount of FFA, which could be a suitable raw material for bioavtur. Concerns regarding depleting fossil fuels and CO 2 emission create a significant need in alternative bioavtur. The synthesis process includes hydrotreating, hydrocracking, and hydroisomerization processes. In this research, the hydrotreating and hydrocracking processes are investigated using varied temperature, solvent ratio, catalyst loading, pressure, presulfiding condition, and time variation. Presulfided NiMo/?-Al 2 O 3 was used for one-step hydrotreating and hydrocracking processes. Reaction temperature at 400 o Crnprovided better FFA conversion. FFA was almost completely converted when the catalyst loading was 3%. Presulfidation condition and time variation affected the product significantly where solvent and pressure variation were not as significant. The best FFA conversion was 99.43%. The best selectivity to bioavtur range hydrocarbons was 68.99%. The density range of bioavtur was met by two samples and the gross calorific value of the product was 44.285 MJ/kg. The hydroprocess done in this research showed that bioavtur-range hydrocarbons could be produced from PFAD as a raw material.

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Availability

B03088

(Rack Thesis)

Available

Detail Information

Series Title

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Call Number

3088

Publisher

: Swiss German University., 2019

Collation

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Language

English

ISBN/ISSN

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Classification

NONE

Content Type

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Media Type

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Carrier Type

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Edition

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Subject(s)

SEE
Palm fatty acid distillate
Hydrotreating
Hydrocracking
Bioavtur

Specific Detail Info

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